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Nicolas Louis Alexandre, Baron de Gunzburg (12 December 1904 – 20 February 1981), aka Baron Nicolas de Gunzburg, was a banker and socialite of Russian, Polish, and Portuguese descent, who became an editor at several American publications, including ''Town & Country'', ''Vogue'', and ''Harper's Bazaar''. He was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1971.〔(''Vanity Fair'' )〕 ==Background and family== Baron Nicolas "Niki" de Gunzburg was born in Paris, France, a scion of a wealthy and influential Russian-Jewish family, whose fortune had been made in banking and oil. The Günzburgs, as they were originally known, were ennobled during the 1870s by Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine,〔''Annuaire de la noblesse de France et des maisons souveraines de l'Europe'', Volume 53 (Bureau de publication, 1897), page 387〕 and when family members began spending a great deal of time in France later in the century, the umlaut was dropped and the particle "de" adopted. Their Hessian title was made hereditary in 1874 by Czar Alexander II of Russia. His father was Baron Gabriel Jacob "Jacques" de Gunzburg (1853–1929),〔Neil Rosenstein, ''The Unbroken Chain: Biographical Sketches and the Genealogy of Illustrious Jewish Families from the 15th–20th Century'', Volume 1 (CIS, 1990)〕 a nephew of the Russian philanthropist Baron Horace Günzburg. His Brazilian-born mother, Enriqueta "Quêta" de Laska (died 1925), was of Polish and Portuguese descent, a daughter of ''Doña'' Joaquina Maria Marqués de Lonza Lisboa;〔''Acta sanctae sedis: ephemerides romanae a SSMO D. N. Pio PP. X authenticae et officales Apostolicae Sedis actis publice evulgandis declaratae, Volume 32 (Ex Typographia Polyglotta S. C. de Propaganda Fide, 1900), page 346〕 she had been previously married to French collector and bibliophile Germain Bapst (1853–1921) and married thirdly, after her divorce from Jacques de Gunzburg, Prince Basil Narischkine.〔''Lettres de Paul Claudel à Élisabeth Sainte-Marie Perrin et Audrey Parr'' (Gallimard, 1990), pages 203–204〕 Raised primarily in England, where his father worked for the bankers Hirsch & Co. and served as a director of the Ritz Hotels Development Corporation, Gunzburg spent his later youth in France. Living the life of a ''bon vivant'' in the Paris of the 1920s and 1930s, Gunzburg spent money lavishly, and his costume balls featured extravagant sets designed by architects and artists. Gunzburg had an elder half-sister:〔 *Audrey Manuelle Alexandre Joaquina Bapst〔Some sources give her middle names as "Manuela Enriqueta", but a British newspaper article published in June 1940, regarding the disposition of her estate, gives her middle initials as "M.A.J."; ''Kelly's Handbook'' gives her maiden name as Audrey Manuelle Alexandra Joaquina Bapst〕(1892–1940), a painter and set-and-costume designer, who was a muse to French writer Paul Claudel. She married, firstly, British diplomat Raymond Cecil Parr, and, secondly, Norman Robert Colville, before being killed in a road accident near her home in Cornwall, England.() She had two sons: stockbroker Capt. Anthony James Parr (1914–1996) and naval architect Martin Rennel Charlton Parr (born 1928), who were her brother's sole heirs. One of Gunzburg's relatives, Baron Dimitri de Gunzburg, was a patron of Russian dance impresario Sergei Diaghilev of the Ballets Russes and portrayed by actor Alan Badel in the 1980 Paramount film ''Nijinsky'' in which Alan Bates played Sergei Diaghilev. His cousin Baron Pierre de Gunzburg's daughter, Aline, married, as her third husband, the British writer and philosopher Isaiah Berlin. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nicolas de Gunzburg」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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